Most of us know that The Part A program provides compensation for healthcare or medically needed services for hospitalization, however there are certain caps in benefits you should be aware of in order to make precautionary arrangements. To conceptually grasp and understand Part A, you need basic information about the programs payment allocation, for hospitals, nursing facility, or home health care, as well as benefit periods and coinsurance amounts. How much Medicare Part A pays depends on how many days of inpatient care you have during what is called the benefit period or spell of illness.